How to Make an LED Sign Board Using a 555 Timer & a 74HC595 Shift Register IC.
Want to make your own LED signboard for your shop, home, or school project? In this blog, you’ll learn how to build a simple static or scrolling LED display board using basic components like LEDs, resistors, and optionally a 555 timer & 74HC595 for animation.
Materials for the Project
- 1x 74HC595 IC
- 1x 555 TIMER IC
- 1x 7805 REGULATOR IC
- 1x BD139 TRANSISTOR
- 7x BC547 TRANSISTORS
- 4x 1N4007 DIODES
- 4x LEDs
- 1x 10K VARIABLE RESISTOR
- 9x 1K RESISTORS
- 5x 10K RESISTORS
- 2x 104) CAPACITORS
- 1x 10uF CAPACITOR
- 1x 47uF CAPACITOR
- 1x 100uF CAPACITOR
- VERO BOARD
- JUMPER WIRES
Working Principle
The 555 timer is configured in astable mode to generate clock pulses.
These pulses are fed to the 74HC595, which shifts the LED display pattern one step at a time.
You can daisy-chain multiple 74HC595 ICs to expand the LED display up to 64 or more LEDs.
74HC595 Pinout Overview
| Pin | Name | Function |
|---|---|---|
| 1-7, 15 | Q0–Q7 | Parallel output to LEDs |
| 8 | GND | Ground |
| 9 | Q7’ | Serial Out (for chaining) |
| 10 | MR | Master Reset (active LOW) |
| 11 | SH_CP | Shift Clock (from 555 output) |
| 12 | ST_CP | Storage Clock (latch) |
| 13 | OE | Output Enable (active LOW) |
| 14 | DS | Serial Data Input |
| 16 | VCC | Power supply (5V) |
Download Circuit Diagram
How the LED Pattern Works
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Each time the 555 sends a clock pulse, the shift register moves bits from DS into the output.
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This shifts the LED pattern left or right.
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By chaining multiple 74HC595s, you can scroll a name or logo like “OPEN” or “SALE.”
Where to Use It?
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LED name boards (“WELCOME,” “OPEN,” etc.)
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Low-cost electronic signage
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Decorative LED chasers
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School/college mini projects
Conclusion
This LED signboard using 555 and 74HC595 is a budget-friendly and beginner-friendly project. Whether you’re building a shop sign or learning shift registers, this DIY circuit brings your message to light—literally!