Chapter 10 Geometrical Optics

Introduction – Geometrical Optics

Light is one of the most important forms of energy in our daily life. The study of how light travels and interacts with different surfaces is known as Geometrical Optics. In this chapter, we focus on the straight-line behavior of light and the rules that govern its reflection and refraction.

Geometrical optics deals with simple laws such as the law of reflection and the law of refraction, which explain how light changes direction when it strikes mirrors, lenses, or transparent materials. These principles form the basis of optical instruments like microscopes, telescopes, cameras, and even the human eye.

By understanding Geometrical Optics, students can learn how images are formed, how lenses are designed, and how modern technologies like fiber optics and vision correction work in practice.

Class 10 Physics Chapter 11 – Page 19